SPECIFIC GRAVITY DETERMINATION BY PYCNOMETER

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EXPERIMENT 2 SPECIFIC GRAVITY DETERMINATION BY PYCNOMETER Purpose: This lab is performed to determine the specific gravity of soil by using a pycnometer. Specific gravity is the ratio of the mass of unit volume of soil at a stated temperature to the mass of the same volume of gas-free distilled water at a stated temperature. Standard Reference: ASTM D 854-00 – Standard Test for Specific Gravity of Soil Solids by Water Pycnometer. Significance: The specific gravity of a soil is used in the phase relationship of air, water, and solids in a given volume of the soil. Equipment: Pycnometer, Balance, Vacuum pump, Funnel, Spoon. Test Procedure: (1) Determine and record the weight of the empty clean and dry pycnometer, WP. (2) Place 10g of a dry soil sample (passed through the sieve No. 10) in the pycnometer. Determine and record the weight of the pycnometer containing the dry soil, W PS. (3) Add distilled water to fill about half to three-fourth of the pycnometer. Soak the sample for 10 minutes. (4) Apply a partial vacuum to the contents for 10 minutes, to remove the entrapped air. (5) Stop the vacuum and carefully remove the vacuum line from pycnometer. (6) Fill the pycnometer with distilled (water to the mark), clean the exterior surface of the pycnometer with a clean, dry cloth. Determine the weight of the pycnometer and contents, W B. (7) Empty the pycnometer and clean it. Then fill it with distilled water only (to the mark). Clean the exterior surface of the pycnometer with a clean, dry cloth. Determine the weight of the pycnometer and distilled water, WA. (8) Empty the pycnometer and clean it. Data Analysis: Calculate the specific gravity (G) of the soil solids using the following formula: 𝐺= 𝑊𝑜 𝑊𝑜 + (𝑊𝐴 − 𝑊𝐵 ) where W0 is the weight of sample of oven-dry soil, g = W PS – WP WA is the weight of pycnometer filled with water WB is the weight of pycnometer filled with water and soil SPECIFIC GRAVITY DETERMINATION DATA SHEET Date Tested: Tested By: Project Name: Sample Number: Sample Description: Specimen number Pycnometer bottle number WP = Mass of empty, clean pycnometer (grams) WPS = Mass of empty pycnometer + dry soil (grams) WB = Mass of pycnometer + dry soil + water (grams) WA = Mass of pycnometer + water (grams) Specific Gravity (GS) Calculations: 1 2 REFERENCES Krishna Reddy (2002). Engineering Properties of Soils Based on Laboratory Testing. Department of Civil and Materials Engineering. University of Illinois at Chicago. SPECIFIC GRAVITY DETERMINATION DATA SHEET Date Tested: Tested By: Project Name: Sample Number: Sample Description: O 1 2 Specimen number Pycnometer bottle number 10 Wp = Mass of empty, clean pycnometer (grams) 120.8 152.39 Wps = = Mass of empty pycnometer + dry soil (grams) 136.4 g 1eally W3 = Mass of pycnometer + dry soil + water (grams) 338.0 7 398,113 WA = Mass of pycnometer + water (grams) 300-3y | 340. My Specific Gravity (Gs) 3.65 4.8 Calculations: Stop the vacuum and carefully remove the vacuum line from (5) pycnometer. (6) Fill the pycnometer with distilled (water to the mark), clean the exterior surface of the pycnometer with a clean, dry cloth. Determine the weight of the pycnometer and contents, WB. 2 398.43 (7) Empty the pycnometer and clean it. Then fill it with distilled water only (to the mark). Clean the exterior surface of the pycnometer with a clean, dry cloth. Determine the weight of the pycnometer and distilled water, WA. 2 2 르 340.40 340.45 (8) Empty the pycnometer and clean it. 2 2 은 Data Analysis: Calculate the specific gravity (G) of the soil solids using the following formula: G – Wo W. + (WA – WB) where Wo is the weight of sample of oven-dry soil, g = Wps – Wp Wa is the weight of pycnometer filled with water WB is the weight of pycnometer filled with water and soil 2 Wo = g = 13664-126.8 W.6 Wo = = 162.41 – 152.3 10.1 (s = 2016 100 Os+ 2.1 wel +(34064-398.4) 10.6+(20 3 – 333.0 = 3.65 418 ४
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