Please finish the “Case Analysis worksheet” according all files i provided.
1. Please see the “study case” from textbook i provided (pp. 226-227)
2. Then see the presentation and speech draft i did.
After that you can complete the case analysis worksheet well.
Thank you.
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Business Ethics Case Analysis Worksheet Who is making the decision? Whose interests should be considered? Decision-maker? Owners? Customers? Employees? Suppliers? Local community? Global community? Future generations? The non-human environment? Ethical Considerations 1. Self-interest: Psychological or ethical egoism? Cooperation dilemmas? 2. Direct Utilitarianism: Aggregation? Maximization? Happiness? Pleasure/pain? Preferencesatisfaction? Informed preferences? Willingness to pay? Financial cost-benefit analysis? 3. Indirect Utilitarianism: Rules? Policies? Regulations? Rights or virtues that maximize happiness? 4. General Rights and Duties: Property rights? Self-ownership Rights? Liberties? Autonomy rights? Human Rights? Privacy rights? Kantian duties? Harm principle? 5. Specific Rights and Duties: Contracts? Promises? Legitimate expectations? Fiduciary Duties? 6. Justice: Retributive? Compensatory? Formal, fair, and structural equality of opportunity? Marginal contribution? Libertarian? Indirect utilitarian? Equality of resources or welfare? Difference principle? 7. Virtue Ethics: Individual virtues/vices? Obligations of community membership? Corporate character? 8. Care Ethics: Relationships? Responsibilities? Who is morally accountable? Causal responsibility? Shared responsibility? Excusing conditions? “Ought” implies “can”? Do any ethical considerations conflict? Are any of them especially strong or weak? What further information is needed? What are the alternatives? What is the best decision and why? 1 Tianlun Ge PHIL 205 8/3/2016 Sustainability and the Environment Case Study Our market economy greatly affects our planet in a negative way. Modern market activities deplete future resources and as well create pollution that will affect the future generations. The modern market participants not only affect their own environment, but even for the global community and as well for the future generations. Often, the producers overlook the external costs that are incurred indirectly in the process of production. This cost is thus passed to the general population and as well to the future generations. Thus, there is need for the government to come up with policies that will safeguard the interests of the markets while protecting the environment. A cost benefit analysis is one of the methods that is applied by the relevant stakeholders in the formulation of the policies. The policies should incorporate the losses that are incurred by the current generations and as well those that will be incurred by the future generations. We can therefore say that the environmental issues arise from market failures that fail to allocate resources appropriately, thus allowing everyone open access to the natural resources. Various scholars have attempted to address the issue of environmental losses. Theorems such as the tragedy of the commons and the Coase Theorem have been proposed but they all have a shortcoming that hinders their implementation. Increasing globalization implies that problems 2 from one region are most likely to cross borders to the neighboring countries. There is also an element of interdependence of the global economies. Thus, if country A is experiencing problems, the costs are likely to be felt by other nations as well. In addressing environmental issues, besides the cost-benefit analysis, an ethical issue of virtues, fairness, what is right and as well morals should also be brought to considerations. In our case study, Lars Oslen, a CEO of Electronic Manufacturing Inc. EMI that manufacture electronic is faced with an economic decision that has been brought about by changes in the environmental laws. A change in the environmental law makes a manufacturer of an electronic to be held responsible for the disposal of the exhausted products even after selling them to the consumers. Thus, EMI will have to charge consumers large refundable deposits upon acquisition of the products. This will make the products expensive and thus they will not be able to compete effectively with the global companies. The CEO is thus tasked with the role of recommending to the board of directors the best course of action that will reduce the recycling costs. There are two possible solutions in the case, one, EMI could construct a recycling plant in the home country and take advantage of the low transport costs. Two, EMI could ship the exhausted products to Awayland, where labor and health costs are cheap. In both cases, the company should consider both the internal costs and as well the external costs. The internal costs will include the distribution costs and as well labor costs. The external cost includes health costs of the workers and the neighboring communities and the environmental impacts of setting up the plant in a particular region. In addition, the distribution costs have attached external costs that will include the emission costs. Thus the company will need to consider the interests of the local communities, the future generations and as the non 3 human environment. In addition, there are ethical considerations that have to be addressed in regards to setting up a waste recycling plant in Awayland. According to Utilitarian thinking, EMI decision should optimize the human welfare. Thus, it does not matter where the plant will be located, but the there should be a positive impacts to the people around. Lars should assess the board’s willingness to pay for the health costs that are associated with setting up of the recycling plant in a particular area. Accumulation of these costs and as well the ethical issues will be summed up to make an informed decision. In addition, the company will have to assess the legal requirements in the two countries. Thus, the construction should abide by the rules of the resident and as well by the international rules such as labor laws and as well environmental laws. The company will have a legitimate duty to assess the environmental impact of the recycling plant to the host nation and device mechanisms that will ensure that the country is not negatively affected by the plant. In addition, there are corporate social responsibilities that a company should be part of. Such responsibilities dictate that all actions should be for the welfare of the people. Thus, besides the costs benefit analysis, EMI should also consider the welfare of the host nation. If for instance they consider setting up the recycling plant in Awayland, they should also consider the health costs to the local communities and thus should as well be willing to pay for their care and improve the facilities capacities. This will enable them to handle any complication that might arise from handling the waste products. EMI should liaise with the local authorities in the nation that the plant will be located to ensure that health facilities are adequate. Thus, the decision is more than just an economic decision, but also a moral, ethical and environmental question. A correct decision will be the one that will address all the needs under 4 considerations. The company should also consider outsourcing the recycling role to a third party that specializes with recycling. A third party organization may have the expertise and experience that will allow them to accomplish the task without breaching the environmental laws. https://view.knowledgevision.com/presentation/f3724d273b8c41569059ef9a1c69c6fa CASE STUDY 12 Tianlun Ge PHIL 205 ØMarket economy directly affect the environment by: ØDepleting the natural recourses for the future generation ØIncreasing pollution for the future generations ØThe global interdependence makes the environmental pollution a global problem ØThis calls for the stakeholders to collaborate in the formulation of the policies ØMarket places fail to include the external costs in their computation of the production costs ØThus undervaluing their products costs Introduction Continued: Ø There is thus a need to carry out an extensive cost benefit analysis in the business decisions Ø Environmental issues are brought about by open access to resources without limitations or allocation of responsibilities Ø Various scholars have attempted to address the environmental problem with concepts such as Ø The Coase theorem Ø The tragedy of commons Ø There are however complications that arises from tring to solve an environmental problem using a single theory Ø Environmental solutions should incorporate cost benefit analysis, ethics, morals, and fairness for ideal solutions Case Study Ø Lars Oslen, CEO of Electronic Manufacturing Inc. EMI is tasked with the role of making recommendations to the board in regards to a business decisions touching on the environment. Ø A change in the environmental law gave manufacturers full liabilities of recycling the waste products Ø The company can either construct a recycling plant in Homeland where most operations and customers are located, or Awayland where labor and health costs are cheap Ø A decision will have to involve all the costs and as well all the ethical and legal considerations Case Study Continued … Ø Thus the company can opt to move the recycling plant to Awayland, but in addition to internal operational costs, I will also cater for external costs such as health risks, and infrastructures . Ø Lars should assess the board’s willingness to pay for the external costs and incorporate that in his decision Ø The external costs thus will include the health costs and as well the negative impacts that will be brought y the waste products Ø Utilitarian thinking dictates that the decision should be to the best interest of the people Solution Ø If the cost benefit analysis indicates that setting the recycling plant in Awayland is cheaper, then the company should include external costs such as health improvement to the hosts. Ø In addition, they should liaise with the local authorities to ensure compliance with the environmental laws Ø There are international laws that governs waste products, the company should also ensure that they comply with those requirements Alternative solution Ø EMI may consider outsourcing the recycling the services to an expert . Ø Third party experts have the efficiency and experience that is required to minimize the costs Ø They are conversant with the environmental laws and thus they are not likely to breach them Ø They have developed the best practice standards that allow them to formulate a solution that put in consideration the environmental, ethical and legal requirements